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diff --git a/presets/lexicon.txt b/presets/lexicon.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d6d9c02 --- /dev/null +++ b/presets/lexicon.txt @@ -0,0 +1,20782 @@ +LIFE LEXICON + Release 29, 2018 July 2 + ASCII version + +INTRODUCTION + This is a lexicon of terms relating to John Horton Conway's +Game of Life. It is also available in single-page and multipage +HTML versions. + This lexicon was originally compiled between 1997 and 2006 by +Stephen A. Silver, and was updated in 2016-18 by Dave Greene and David +Bell. See below for additional credits. + The latest versions of this lexicon (both HTML and ASCII) can be +found at the Life Lexicon Home Page, http://conwaylife.com/ref/lexicon/. + +CREDITS + The largest single source for the early versions of this lexicon was +a glossary compiled by Alan Hensel "with indispensable help from John +Conway, Dean Hickerson, David Bell, Bill Gosper, Bob Wainwright, Noam +Elkies, Nathan Thompson, Harold McIntosh, and Dan Hoey". + Other sources include the works listed in the bibliography at the +end of this lexicon, as well as pattern collections by Alan Hensel and +David Bell (and especially Dean Hickerson's file stamp.l in the latter +collection), and the web sites of Mark Niemiec, Paul Callahan, Achim +Flammenkamp, Robert Wainwright and Heinrich Koenig. Recent releases +also use a lot of information from Dean Hickerson's header to his +1995 stamp file (http://conwaylife.com/ref/DRH/stamps.html). + Most of the information on recent results is from the discoverers +themselves, or from Nathaniel Johnston's excellent resources at +http://www.conwaylife.com, including both the LifeWiki and the +discussion forums. + The following people all provided useful comments on earlier releases +of this lexicon: David Bell, Nicolay Beluchenko, Johan Bontes, Daniel +Collazo, Scot Ellison, Nick Gotts, Ivan Fomichev, Dave Greene, Alan +Hensel, Dean Hickerson, Dieter Leithner, Mark Niemiec, Gabriel Nivasch, +Andrzej Okrasinski, Arie Paap, Peter Rott, Chris Rowett, Tony Smith, +Ken Takusagawa, Andrew Trevorrow, Malcolm Tyrrell, and the +conwaylife.com forum users with the handles 'thunk' and 'Apple Bottom'. + + The format, errors, use of British English and anything else you +might want to complain about are by Stephen Silver - except that for +post-Version 25 definitions, everything besides the British English +may well be Dave Greene's fault instead. + +COPYING + This lexicon is copyright (C) Stephen Silver, 1997-2018. It may be +freely copied, modified and distributed under the terms of the Creative +Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported licence (CC BY-SA 3.0), +as long as due credit is given. This includes not just credit to those +who have contributed in some way to the present version (see above), +but also credit to those who have made any modifications. + +LEXICOGRAPHIC ORDER + I have adopted the following convention: all characters (including +spaces) other than letters and digits are ignored for the purposes of +ordering the entries in this lexicon. (Many terms are used by some +people as a single word, with or without a hyphen, and by others as two +words. My convention means that I do not have to list these in two +separate places. Indeed, I list them only once, choosing whichever +form seems most common or sensible.) Digits lexicographically precede +letters. + +FORMAT + The format used in the ASCII version of this lexicon is loosely +based on that of the Jargon File. In particular, the keywords are +enclosed in colons and selected references to them are enclosed in +curly brackets. The curly brackets will not be of much use unless +you have a programmable text editor, in which case you could program +it to jump from a reference to the corresponding definition when you +hit a certain key. (The file lifelex.el, which you should have +received with this lexicon, provides such a facility for GNU Emacs.) +If you don't want the curly brackets you can safely remove them with +two find and replace operations, since they are not used for any other +purpose in this file. The colons are more generally useful. For +example, a search for ":foo" will take you straight to the definition +of the first word beginning with "foo" (or at least it would if there +were any). + The diagrams in this lexicon are in a very standard format. You +should be able to simply copy a pattern, paste it into a new file and +run it in your favourite Life program. Of course if you use Golly +(http://golly.sf.net) then you can paste the pattern directly into the +program. If you view this lexicon in GNU Emacs and use lifelex.el then +you should be able to load a pattern into your Life program with a +single keypress, without needing to copy or paste. + The diagrams use an asterisk to represent a live cell. If this looks +ugly with the font you use then you can change to O or o with a global +replace. I have restricted myself to diagrams of size 64x64 or less. + Most definitions that have a diagram have also some data in brackets +after the keyword. Oscillators are marked as pn (where n is a positive +integer), meaning that the period is n (p1 indicates a still life). +Wicks are marked in the same way but with the word "wick" added. For +spaceships the speed (as a fraction of c, the speed of light), the +direction and the period are given. Fuses are marked with speed and +period and have the word "fuse" added. Wicks and fuses are infinite in +extent and so have necessarily been truncated, with the ends stabilized +wherever practical. + +SCOPE + This lexicon covers only Conway's Life, and provides no information +about other cellular automata. David Bell has written articles on +two other interesting cellular automata: HighLife (which is similar +to Life, but has a tiny replicator) and Day & Night (which is very +different, but exhibits many of the same phenomena). These articles +can be found on his website (http://tip.net.au/~dbell/). + +ERRORS AND OMISSIONS + If you find any errors (including typos) or serious omissions, then +please email b3s23life[at]gmail.com with the details. As of mid-2018 +this email address is monitored by Dave Greene. + +NAMES + When deciding whether to use full or abbreviated forms of forenames +I have tried, wherever possible, to follow the usage of the person +concerned. + +QUOTE + Every other author may aspire to praise; the lexicographer can only +hope to escape reproach. -- Samuel Johnson, 1775 + +DEDICATION + This lexicon is dedicated to the memory of Dieter Leithner, who died +on 26 February 1999. + +----------------------------------------------------------------------- + +:0hd Demonoid: See {Demonoid}. + +:101: (p5) Found by Achim Flammenkamp in August 1994. The name was + suggested by Bill Gosper, noting that the {phase} shown below + displays the period in binary. + ....**......**.... + ...*.*......*.*... + ...*..........*... + **.*..........*.** + **.*.*..**..*.*.** + ...*.*.*..*.*.*... + ...*.*.*..*.*.*... + **.*.*..**..*.*.** + **.*..........*.** + ...*..........*... + ...*.*......*.*... + ....**......**.... + +:10hd Demonoid: See {Demonoid}. + +:119P4H1V0: (c/4 orthogonally, p4) A {spaceship} discovered by Dean + Hickerson in December 1989, the first spaceship of its kind to be + found. Hickerson then found a small {tagalong} for this spaceship + which could be attached to one side or both. These three variants of + 119P4H1V0 were the only known c/4 orthogonal spaceships until July + 1992 when Hartmut Holzwart discovered a larger spaceship, 163P4H1V0. + .................................*. + ................*...............*.* + ......*.*......*.....**........*... + ......*....*....*.******....**..... + ......*.********..........*..*.***. + .........*.....*.......****....***. + ....**.................***.*....... + .*..**.......**........**.......... + .*..*.............................. + *.................................. + .*..*.............................. + .*..**.......**........**.......... + ....**.................***.*....... + .........*.....*.......****....***. + ......*.********..........*..*.***. + ......*....*....*.******....**..... + ......*.*......*.....**........*... + ................*...............*.* + .................................*. + +:1-2-3: (p3) Found by Dave Buckingham, August 1972. This is one of only + three essentially different p3 {oscillator}s with only three cells in + the {rotor}. The others are {stillater} and {cuphook}. + ..**...... + *..*...... + **.*.**... + .*.*..*... + .*....*.** + ..***.*.** + .....*.... + ....*..... + ....**.... + +:1-2-3-4: (p4) See also {Achim's p4}. + .....*..... + ....*.*.... + ...*.*.*... + ...*...*... + **.*.*.*.** + *.*.....*.* + ...*****... + ........... + .....*..... + ....*.*.... + .....*..... + +:135-degree MWSS-to-G: The following {converter}, discovered by + Matthias Merzenich in July 2013. It accepts an {MWSS} as input, and + produces an output {glider} travelling at a 135-degree angle relative + to the input direction. + ......**...... + ......*.*.**.* + ........*.*.** + ........**.... + .............. + .............. + .*****.....**. + *....*.....**. + .....*........ + *...*......... + ..*........... + +:14-ner: = {fourteener} + +:17c/45 spaceship: A {spaceship} travelling at seventeen forty-fifths + of the {speed of light}. This was the first known {macro-spaceship} + speed. See {Caterpillar} for details. + +:180-degree kickback: The only other two-{glider} collision besides the + standard {kickback} that produces a clean output glider with no + leftover {ash}. The 180-degree change in direction is occasionally + useful in {glider synthesis}, but is rarely used in {signal} + circuitry or in {self-supporting} patterns like the {Caterpillar} or + {Centipede}, because 90-degree collisions are generally much easier + to arrange. + .*. + *.. + *** + ... + ... + .** + *.* + ..* + +:1G seed: See {seed}. + +:(2,1)c/6 spaceship: A {knightship} that travels obliquely at the + fastest possible speed. To date the only known example of a + spaceship with this velocity is {Sir Robin}. + +:(23,5)c/79 Herschel climber: The following glider-supported + {Herschel climber} reaction used in the {self-supporting} {waterbear} + {knightship}, which can be repeated every 79 ticks, moving the + {Herschel} 23 cells to the right and 5 cells upward, and releasing + two {glider}s to the northwest and southwest. As the diagram shows, + it is possible to substitute a loaf or other {still life}s for some + or all of the support gliders. This fact is used to advantage at the + front end of the waterbear. + ...............*.*...............*.. + ...............**...............*.*. + ................*...............*..* + .................................**. + .................................... + .................................... + .................................... + .................................... + .................................... + .................................... + .................................... + .................................... + *................................... + *.*................................. + ***................................. + ..*................................. + +:24-cell quadratic growth: A 39786x143 {quadratic growth} pattern found + by Michael Simkin in October 2014, two days after + {25-cell quadratic growth} and a week before + {switch-engine ping-pong}. + +:25-cell quadratic growth: A 25-cell quadratic growth pattern found by + Michael Simkin in October 2014, with a bounding box of 21372x172. It + was the smallest-population quadratic growth pattern for two days, + until the discovery of {24-cell quadratic growth}. It superseded + {wedge}, which had held the record for eight years. See + {switch-engine ping-pong} for the lowest-population + {superlinear growth} pattern as of July 2018, along with a list of + the record-holders. + +:25P3H1V0.1: (c/3 orthogonally, p3) A {spaceship} discovered by Dean + Hickerson in August 1989. It was the first c/3 spaceship to be + discovered. In terms of its 25 cells, it is tied with {25P3H1V0.2} as + the smallest c/3 spaceship. Unlike 25P3H1V0.2, it has a population + of 25 in all of its phases, as well as a smaller bounding box. + .......**.*..... + ....**.*.**.***. + .****..**......* + *....*...*...**. + .**............. + Martin Grant discovered a glider synthesis for 25P3H1V0.1 on 6 + January 2015. + +:25P3H1V0.2: (c/3 orthogonally, p3) A {spaceship} discovered by David + Bell in early 1992, with a minimum of 25 cells - the lowest number of + cells known for any c/3 spaceship. A note in + {Spaceships in Conway's Life} indicates that it was found with a + search that limited the number of live cells in each column, and + possibly also the maximum cross-section (4 cells in this case). See + also {edge-repair spaceship} for a very similar c/3 spaceship with a + minimum population of 26. + ..........*..... + ........***.***. + .......**......* + ..*...*..*...**. + .****........... + *...*........... + .*.*..*......... + .....*.......... + In December 2017 a collaborative effort found a 26-glider synthesis + for this spaceship. + +:26-cell quadratic growth: = {wedge}. + +:295P5H1V1: (c/5 diagonally, p5) The first {spaceship} of its type to be + discovered, found by Jason Summers on 22 November 2000. + .............**..................................... + .....**....**.*.*................................... + ....***....****..................................... + ...**......**.....*................................. + ..**..**...*..*..*.................................. + .**.....*.......*..**............................... + .**.*...****........................................ + ....*...**..**.*.................................... + .....***....*.*..................................... + ......**...**..*.................................... + ......*.....*....................................... + .****.*..*..*...*................................... + .***...*****..*******.*............................. + *.*....*..........*..**............................. + ***.*...*...*.....***............................... + .......*.*..*.......**.............................. + .*...*.....**........**..*.*........................ + ....*.......*........***.*.***...................... + ...*........***......*....*......................... + .....*......*.*.....*.*............................. + .....*......*.**...*....*........................... + .............*.****...*.....*..*.................... + ............**..**.*.*...*.***...................... + .................*......*..***...***................ + ....................*..*......**.................... + ................**....*..*..........**.............. + ..................*.............*...*............... + ................**....**........*................... + .................*...***........*.*.*.*............. + .................*....**........*.....**............ + ........................*........*..***............. + .....................*..*........*........*......... + ..........................****........**...*........ + .......................*......**......**...*........ + .......................*....*............*.......... + .......................*...............*............ + .........................**.*.*.......*..*.......... + .........................*....*.........***......... + ............................***.**..*...*...*.**.... + .............................*..**.*.....*...*..*... + .....................................**..*...*...... + ..................................*.**.**.*..**...*. + ...............................*.....*...*.......*.* + ................................**............**...* + ......................................*.......**.... + .......................................***...**..*.. + ......................................*..*.***...... + ......................................*....**....... + .......................................*............ + ..........................................*..*...... + .........................................*.......... + ..........................................**........ + +:2c/3: Two thirds of the speed of light - the speed of signals in a + {2c/3 wire} or of some {against the grain} {negative spaceship} + signals in the {zebra stripes} {agar}, and also the speed of + {burn}ing of the {blinker fuse} and the {bi-block fuse}. + +:2c/3 wire: A {wire} discovered by Dean Hickerson in March 1997, using + his {dr} {search program}. It supports {signal}s that travel through + the wire diagonally at two thirds of the {speed of light}. + ......*..*....................................... + ....******....................................... + ...*............................................. + ...*..******..................................... + **.*.*.*....*.................................... + **.*.*.******.................................... + ....**.*.......*................................. + .......*..******................................. + .......*.*....................................... + ......**.*..******............................... + .........*.*......*.............................. + .........*.*..*****.............................. + ..........**.*.......*........................... + .............*..******........................... + .............*.*................................. + ............**.*..******......................... + ...............*.*......*........................ + ...............*.*..*****........................ + ................**.*.......*..................... + ...................*..******..................... + ...................*.*........................... + ..................**.*..******................... + .....................*.*......*.................. + .....................*.*..*****.................. + ......................**.*.......*............... + .........................*..******............... + .........................*.*..................... + ........................**.*..******............. + ...........................*.*......*............ + ...........................*.*..*****............ + ............................**.*.......*......... + ...............................*..******......... + ...............................*.*............... + ..............................**.*..******....... + .................................*.*......*...... + .................................*.*..*****...... + ..................................**.*.......*... + .....................................*..******... + .....................................*.*......... + ....................................**.*..******. + .......................................*.*......* + .......................................*.*..***.* + ........................................**.*...*. + ...........................................*..*.. + ...........................................*.*... + ..........................................**.*.*. + ..............................................**. + Each 2c/3 signal is made up of two half-signals that can be + separated from each other by an arbitrary number of {tick}s. + Considerable effort has been spent on finding a way to turn a 2c/3 + signal 90 or 180 degrees, since this would by one way to prove Life + to be {omniperiodic}. There is a known 2c/3 converter shown under + {signal elbow}, which converts a standard 2c/3 signal into a + double-length signal. This is usable in some situations, but + unfortunately it fails when its input is a double-length signal, so + it can't be used to complete a loop. + Noam Elkies discovered a glider synthesis of a reaction that can + repeatably insert a signal into the upper end of a 2c/3 wire. See + {stable pseudo-Heisenburp} for details. On 11 September 2017, Martin + Grant reduced the input reaction to five gliders, or three gliders + plus a {Herschel}. With the Herschel option the {recovery time} is + 152 ticks. + See also {5c/9 wire}. + +:2c/5 spaceship: A {spaceship} travelling at two fifths of the + {speed of light}. The only such spaceships that are currently known + travel orthogonally. Examples include {30P5H2V0}, {44P5H2V0}, + {60P5H2V0}, and {70P5H2V0}. As of June 2018, only 30P5H2V0 and + 60P5H2V0 have known {glider synthesis} {recipe}s. + +:2c/7 spaceship: A {spaceship} travelling at two sevenths of the + {speed of light}. The only such spaceships that are currently known + travel orthogonally. The first to be found was the {weekender}, + found by David Eppstein in January 2000. See also + {weekender distaff}. + +:2 eaters: = {two eaters} + +:2-engine Cordership: The smallest known Cordership, with a minimum + population of 100 cells, discovered by Aidan F. Pierce on 31 December + 2017. Luka Okanishi produced a 9-glider synthesis of the spaceship + on the same day. + ............*............................ + ............*.....***.................... + ...........*.*...**..*................... + ............*...*.....*.................. + ............*...*........................ + .................*..**................... + ..................**...........**........ + ...............................**........ + ......................................... + ......................................... + ......................................... + ......................................... + ......................................... + ......................................... + .***...................................** + .***.....................*.............** + ..*............**.........**............. + ...**.........*.***........**............ + ....*.........*...*..........*........... + ...*...........**.*.....*****............ + ................*..........*............. + ......................................... + ......................................... + .**...................................... + .**...................................... + ..*...................................... + ..*...................................... + .*.*..................................... + *........................................ + .*..**................................... + ..*...*.................................. + ....**................................... + ....*.................................... + ......................................... + ......................................... + ......................................... + ......................................... + ......................................... + ......................................... + ......**................................. + ......**................................. + ...................*..................... + ...................***................... + ....................**................... + ....................*.................... + ......................................... + ..................**.*................... + ..................****................... + ....................**................... + +:2-glider collision: Two gliders can react with each other in many + different ways, either at right angles, or else head-on. A large + number of the reactions cleanly destroy both gliders leaving nothing. + Many of the remaining reactions cleanly create some common objects, + and so are used as the first steps in {glider synthesis} or as part + of constructing interesting objects using {rake}s. Only a small + number of collisions can be considered {dirty} due to creating + multiple objects or a mess. + Here is a list of the possible results along with how many + different ways they can occur (ignoring reflections and rotations). + ------------------------------- + result right-angle head-on + ------------------------------- + nothing 11 17 + {beehive} 1 0 + {B-heptomino} 1 2 + {bi-block} 1 0 + {blinker} 2 1 + {block} 3 3 + {boat} 0 1 + {eater1} 1 0 + {glider} 1 1 + {honey farm} 3 2 + {interchange} 1 0 + {loaf} 0 1 + {lumps of muck} 1 0 + {octomino} 0 1 + {pi-heptomino} 2 1 + {pond} 1 1 + {teardrop} 1 0 + {traffic light} 2 1 + {four skewed blocks} 0 1 + {dirty} 6 0 + ------------------------------- + The messiest of the two-glider collisions in the "dirty" category is + {2-glider mess}. + +:2-glider mess: A constellation made up of eight {blinker}s, four + {block}s, a {beehive} and a {ship}, plus four emitted {glider}s, + created by the following {2-glider collision}. + ..*......... + *.*......... + .**......... + ...........* + .........**. + ..........** + Two of the blocks, two of the gliders, and the ship are the standard + signature {ash} of a {Herschel}. + +:30P5H2V0: (2c/5 orthogonally, p5) A spaceship discovered by Paul Tooke + on 7 December 2000. With just 30 cells, it is currently the smallest + known 2c/5 spaceship. A {glider synthesis} for 30P5H2V0 was found by + Martin Grant in January 2015, based on a predecessor by Tanner + Jacobi. + ....*........ + ...***....... + ..**.**...... + ............. + .*.*.*.*..*.. + **...*...***. + **...*......* + ..........*.* + ........*.*.. + .........*..* + ............* + +:31c/240: The rate of travel of the {31c/240 Herschel-pair climber} + reaction, and {Caterpillar}-type spaceships based on that reaction. + Each {Herschel} travels 31 cells orthogonally every 240 {tick}s. + +:31c/240 Herschel-pair climber: The mechanism defining the rate of + travel of the {Centipede} and {shield bug} spaceships. Compare + {pi climber}. It consists of a pair of {Herschel}s climbing two + parallel chains of blocks. Certain spacings between the block chains + allow gliders from each Herschel to delete the extra ash objects + produced by the other Herschel. Two more gliders escape, one to each + side, leaving only an exact copy of the original block chains, but + shifted forward by 9 cells: + **.........................................................** + **.........................................................** + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + **.........................................................** + **.........................................................** + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + ............................................................. + .......................................................***... + .......................................................*..*.. + .......................................................*..*.. + ......................................................****... + .......***............................................**..... + ........*............................................*....... + ......***.............................................*...... + ......................................................*...... + +:3c/7 spaceship: A {spaceship} travelling at three sevenths of the + {speed of light}. The only such spaceships that are currently known + travel orthogonally. The first to be found was the + {spaghetti monster}, found by Tim Coe in June 2016. + +:3-engine Cordership: See {Cordership}. + +:44P5H2V0: (2c/5 orthogonally, p5) A {spaceship} discovered by Dean + Hickerson on 23 July 1991, the first 2c/5 spaceship to be found. + Small {tagalong}s were found by Robert Wainwright and David Bell that + allowed the creation of arbitrarily large 2c/5 spaceships. These were + the only known 2c/5 spaceships until the discovery of {70P5H2V0} in + December 1992. + ....*.....*.... + ...***...***... + ..*..*...*..*.. + .***.......***. + ..*.*.....*.*.. + ....**...**.... + *....*...*....* + .....*...*..... + **...*...*...** + ..*..*...*..*.. + ....*.....*.... + +:45-degree LWSS-to-G: = {45-degree MWSS-to-G}. + +:45-degree MWSS-to-G: The following small {converter}, which accepts an + MWSS or LWSS as input and produces an output glider travelling at a + 45-degree angle relative to the input direction. + .........*.**....*..... + .........**.*...*.*.... + ................*.*.... + .......*****...**.***.. + ......*..*..*........*. + ......**...**..**.***.. + ...............**.*.... + ......................* + ....................*** + ...................*... + ...................**.. + .*****................. + *....*................. + .....*................. + *...*.................. + ..*.............**..... + ...............*..*.... + ................**..... + ........**............. + .......*.*............. + .......*............... + ......**............... + ...................**.. + ...................*... + ....................*** + ......................* + +:4-8-12 diamond: The following {pure glider generator}. + ....****.... + ............ + ..********.. + ............ + ************ + ............ + ..********.. + ............ + ....****.... + +:4 boats: (p2) + ...*.... + ..*.*... + .*.**... + *.*..**. + .**..*.* + ...**.*. + ...*.*.. + ....*... + +:4F: = {Fast Forward Force Field}. This term is no longer in common + use. + +:4g-to-5g reaction: A reaction involving 4 gliders which cleanly + produces 5 gliders. The one shown below was found by Dieter Leithner + in July 1992: + *.*.......................................... + .**.......................................... + .*........................................... + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + ............................................. + .................*........................... + ...............*.*..*........................ + ................**..*.*....................*. + ....................**....................**. + ..........................................*.* + The first two gliders collide to produce a {traffic light} and + glider. The other two gliders react symmetrically with the evolving + {traffic light} to form four gliders. A {glider gun} can be built by + using {reflector}s to turn four of the output gliders so that they + repeat the reaction. + +:56P6H1V0: (c/6 orthogonally, p6) A 56-cell {spaceship} discovered by + Hartmut Holzwart in 2009, the smallest known c/6 orthogonal spaceship + as of July 2018. + .....***..........***..... + ***.*.......**.......*.*** + ....*...*..*..*..*...*.... + ....*.....*....*.....*.... + ..........**..**.......... + .......*...*..*...*....... + .......*.*......*.*....... + ........**********........ + ..........*....*.......... + ........*........*........ + .......*..........*....... + ........*........*........ + +:58P5H1V1: (c/5 diagonally, p5) A {spaceship} discovered by Matthias + Merzenich on 5 September 2010. In terms of its minimum population of + 58 cells it is the smallest known c/5 diagonal spaceship. It provides + sparks at its trailing edge which can perturb gliders, and this + property was used to create the first c/5 diagonal puffers. These + sparks also allow the attachment of tagalongs which was used to + create the first c/5 diagonal wickstretcher in January 2011. + ....................**. + ....................**. + ...................*..* + ................**.*..* + ......................* + ..............**...*..* + ..............**.....*. + ...............*.*****. + ................*...... + ....................... + ....................... + .............***....... + .............*......... + ...........**.......... + .....**....*........... + .....***...*........... + ...*....*.............. + ...*...*............... + .......*............... + ..**.*.*............... + **.....*............... + **....**............... + ..****................. + +:5c/9 wire: A {wire} discovered by Dean Hickerson in April 1997, using + his {dr} {search program}. It supports {signal}s that travel through + the wire diagonally at five ninths of the {speed of light}. See also + {2c/3 wire}. + ....*.**............................................ + ....**..*........................................... + .......*..*......................................... + ..*****.**.*..*..................................... + .*..*...*..****..................................... + .*.**.*.*.*......*.................................. + **.*.****.*..*****.................................. + ...*......*.*.....**................................ + **.*.****.*..*.**.*.*............................... + *..*.*..*.**.*.*.*..*............................... + ..**..*..*...*.*....*.**............................ + ....**....****.**..**..*............................ + ....*...*.*......*...*.............................. + .....****.*.*****.***...*........................... + .........*.*....*.*..****........................... + .......*...*..*...*.*......*........................ + .......**..*.*.****.*..*****........................ + ..........**.*......*.*.....**...................... + .............*.****.*..*.**.*.*..................... + .............*.*..*.**.*.*.*..*..................... + ............**..*..*...*.*....*.**.................. + ..............**....****.**..**..*.................. + ..............*...*.*......*...*.................... + ...............****.*.*****.***...*................. + ...................*.*....*.*..****................. + .................*...*..*...*.*......*.............. + .................**..*.*.****.*..*****.............. + ....................**.*......*.*.....**............ + .......................*.****.*..*.**.*.*........... + .......................*.*..*.**.*.*.*..*........... + ......................**..*..*...*.*....*.**........ + ........................**....****.**..**..*........ + ........................*...*.*......*...*.......... + .........................****.*.*****.***...*....... + .............................*.*....*.*..****....... + ...........................*...*..*...*.*......*.... + ...........................**..*.*.****.*..*****.... + ..............................**.*......*.*.....**.. + .................................*.****.*..*.**.*..* + .................................*.*..*.**.*.*.*..** + ................................**..*..*...*.*...... + ..................................**....****.**..... + ..................................*...*.*......*.... + ...................................****.*.*****.*... + .......................................*.*....*.*... + .....................................*...*..*...**.. + .....................................**..*.*.***..*. + ........................................**.*.....*.. + ............................................*.***... + .............................................**..... + +:60P312: (p312) Found by Dave Greene, 1 November 2004, based on + {92P156}. + ....................**.................... + ....................**.................... + .......................................... + .......................................... + .......................................... + ...............................**......... + ......................**......*..*........ + ......................*........**......... + ......*...............*................... + .....*.*...............*.................. + .....*.*.................................. + ......*................................... + .......................................... + .......................................... + .......................................... + .......................................... + .......................................... + .......................................... + ................................*..*...... + .................................***...... + **......................................** + **......................................** + ......***................................. + ......*..*................................ + .......................................... + .......................................... + .......................................... + .......................................... + .......................................... + .......................................... + ...................................*...... + ..................................*.*..... + ..................*...............*.*..... + ...................*...............*...... + .........**........*...................... + ........*..*......**...................... + .........**............................... + ................ |